It's not as great as you might think, despite all the stories you see like this one. That's because most of the stories are in cells (this one) or mice.
The big success story, about 20 years old now, is testicular cancer. You can have metastatic testicular cancer with tumors all over your body (like Lance Armstrong had) and they can cure it. They use platinum based chemotherapy and it's not really well understood why it works for testicular cancer, but not others.
The story with childhood leukemias is similar. They figured out how to combine a bunch of chemotherapy to get the cure rate up pretty high. Leukemia in a child used to be (1990s) 90% fatal, it's like 10% now.
Besides those, most of the advances in the past few decades come from early detection/ surgery or just prevention (stop smoking).
There is some hope though. When people first started studying cancers at the molecular level, one of the first things they noticed was how often a gene called Ras was mutated in different cancers. It turns out that designing a drug for Ras was really hard, but it finally got done, it's called daraxonrasib. They just released phase III human trials with this drug in pancreatic cancer a week or two ago and it destroyed the standard of care (Chemotherapy), but that is saying people who were dying in 1-2 months were still alive after 5-6 months.
The former senator Ben Sasse was diagnosed with metastatic pancreatic cancer last December. Historically, that's like 5% survival rate for 5 years. He is on daraxonrasib. We will see how it works out.
I wouldn't understate advances in Melanoma treatment. Immunotherapies have absolutely changed the game in that space. It's not a curable cancer (few are) but it's far more treatable.
Dr. Richard Scolyer was at the forefront of this, and died only recently after a long battle against brain cancer at 59. His open letter is well worth the read.
Amen to childhood leukemia rates improving being awe-inspiring. I had a friend I rode the bus with around 2001 who was diagnosed with leukemia and didn't make it. They let us know over the PA system at school. I suspect these days she would have survived.
That's understating the progress by a lot - many cancers are a lot more survivable now than previously with better chemo/radio/surgery + immunotherapies + car-t etc etc
Well, depending on how cynical you are. I'm sure there are those that are happy to let the 'senecent' people die of cancer and have a younger population and healthier population pyramid.
Getting older, I'm not subscribing to that, but it sometimes feels like the RFKjr -style interventions are calculated. Then again, this theory makes zero sense when dismantling herd status for measles (I don't think 'natural measles survivors' are genetically 'better' than the rest of us)
Wow, I’ve joked about the prospect so frequently that realizing it has a real Twitter subculture hit me hard. Describing people like that… it’s akin to derisively referring to “the dysfunctional” part of society, to pick on my own disability. The parallels to the Nazi’s ableism are pretty hard to ignore :(
But on a lighter note: is there any belief more certain to spoil?? My god. Don’t underestimate the moral worth of futureYou, folks. I guess delighting in their assured regret is a bit of a guilty pleasure, but it helps!
RE:RFK, I think you’re indeed overestimating their intentionality. They intuitively feel that measles wouldn’t affect them because they’re stronger, and would do their best to dance around that belief if pressed beyond their comfort zone of cherry-picked facts.
But really, they’d much prefer to just not think about that part altogether IMO; ‘MAHA’ is much more about hypernaturalism & tradwives than it is about public health. This is all just annoying scaffolding to them.
It is always interesting to point out to people claiming it would be better to not cure people that over half of the people in the room would be dead by the age of 5. That likely includes them.
Utilitarianism can justify that kind of policy/behavior. It makes economical sense, with your free the burden of society it free resources so people be more productive, afford things, live happier lifes (at least on the material sense), have children.
Though I don't subscribe to utilitarianism or the notion that the value of an human being can be reduced to its economical aspects. It's not my moral compass.
Looking through that, they seem to leave out what would be the most interesting comparison - expectancy adjusted for stage at detection against time?
Edit Claude suggests the problem is bordering on intractable, but table 7 in this link is probably as good as it gets https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3322/caac...
Oh wow, not as impressive as I thought, but I guess we are looking at broad categories rather than specific types and variants. But overall the trend is down on ever cancer since around a decade ago. Was expecting a sharper drop around 1-2 decades ago, but things just take time when it comes to experimenting with human lives. Will be interesting to revisit this in another decade when a lot of the treatments finally leave the experimental stage.
Unfortunately, we actually don't make the kind of general widely applicable gains in treatment that people believe we have. We're not in a much different place for major cancers than we were 30 years ago, and I don't see much value in assuming we will just suddenly improve.
They are starting to ship this out across the country. My uncle has pancreatic cancer and is hoping to get a shipment in the next two months. Apparently you discontinue chemo while on it because it’s so unnecessary at that point.
There are lots of other success stories too. For example there is a reason why Keytruda is the most valuable medicine globally -- it does amazing things against melanoma and lung cancer
You’re probably thinking about non-small cell lung cancers. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is still absolutely devastating. The most progress made on SCLC has just been getting people to stop smoking, as its almost exclusively a smoker’s disease.
Anyways, I studied SCLC in grad school and saw lots of scans of people with tumors from their heads to their feet, and saw the enormous resources dedicated to caring for SCLC patients and to searching for a cure. It’s hard to overstate how profoundly evil the cigarette companies were and still are. They got people (children) addicted knowing what was coming for them, knowing they were killing them in horrific ways. Now we all get to pay for that in funerals and tax dollars.
It's not a SQUID. There is new technology (quantum magnetometry) that measures slight shifts in molecular energy levels inside defects in synthetic diamonds. One of the google/alphabet spinouts from their quantum computing research is commercializing the technology (SandboxAQ).
The have a non contact MCG, like a EKG, but no electrical contacts. They can definitely "see" the heart beating from a few feet away.
SandboxAQ is also developing a navigation version. Put this sensitive magnetometer on a plane. You get very sensitive measurements of the local magnetic field. Once they have a region mapped, you can get exact positioning just from measuring magnetic fields.
You can extrapolate from SandboxAQ and get long range detection of a human heart. I don't know if it's real, but if so it's probably came out of that research effort.
You are correct, it is not based on SQUID. But, I think SQUID is technically a class of quantum magnetometer? Quantum magnetometry is pretty vague, since most high-end magnetometers use some sort of quantum mechanics.
I think the term you're looking for is atomic-optical magnetometer. Someone posted a DARPA project (AMBIIENT), that uses one. What's special about the atomic-optical magnetometer, is that it measures the gradient directly. With SQUID, if you have two SQUIDs in a uniform magnetic field, you can't determine the vector of the field. But, with atomic-optical magnetometry you can.
For elementary school age kids, maybe even middle school, try getting them started with the app "Euclidea".
They won't think of it as math. It's gamified geometric constructions. Starts simple, "how do you bisect an angle" with a compass and a straight edge. It goes to a very high level that will challenge anyone.
Yeah, people underestimate how hard it is to get a movie into a theatre AND get people to pay for a ticket.
Hollywood can barely get any well made movies past $100 million these days unless it's based on some well known franchise (minecraft, Captain America, Snow White) or it has some well known actor.
Technically they want to limit indirect costs to 15%. This currently ranges from 50%-100%. Indirect costs have two components, facilities and administration.
Facilites are the cost of buildings, electricity, janitorial service, etc. Think of this as things that might be included in the rent if you were renting a place to do the research.
Administration costs are mostly salaries for people, administrative and clerical staff. Not the people directly doing the research (that's a direct cost), but the people in charge of safety/compliance/legal, etc.
Administrative costs have been capped at 25% for a few decades. Facilities costs are not capped.
I think part of the problem is that universities have lots of people who do one job and that job is not everyday. For instance, where I'm at we have two people in charge of summer enrollment. That seems to be it. They are way way overworked for about two weeks at beginning of the summer. I have no idea what they do the other 50 weeks of the year. I think their boss is happy as long as they deal with summer courses.
“I have no idea what these other people I don’t work with do, so it must be nothing” is a really naive and insulting thing to say. They probably don’t know what you do either, would it be fair to say you do nothing of value?
It was an early stock discussion forum. It grew rapidly when search engines started indexing everything and this forum had a URL for each message that was easily indexable.
Suppose the average post is about 1 paragraph long. One paragraph is about 150 words. So 192211 * 150 = about 29 million words. For comparison, the Lord of the Rings trilogy is only around half a million words.
It wouldn't surprise me if there are more words about Qualcomm in that thread than the total amount of internal and external documentation and financial guidance that Qualcomm itself has ever produced.
Surely users aren't expected to read the entire thread before adding a post? But I think I remember seeing old forums where that basically is the expectation. And honestly... that's pretty cool. It seems better than the new social media, where we keep having low-effort recurring debates. I like the idea of adding to an enormous pile of scholarship in cyberspace. A Ship of Theseus discussion which may outlive any individual participant, but has a semblance of continuity all the same, like an undergraduate college society with a 100+ year history.
Time for a cyberpunk revival. Retro-cyberpunk, we could call it.
The big success story, about 20 years old now, is testicular cancer. You can have metastatic testicular cancer with tumors all over your body (like Lance Armstrong had) and they can cure it. They use platinum based chemotherapy and it's not really well understood why it works for testicular cancer, but not others.
The story with childhood leukemias is similar. They figured out how to combine a bunch of chemotherapy to get the cure rate up pretty high. Leukemia in a child used to be (1990s) 90% fatal, it's like 10% now.
Besides those, most of the advances in the past few decades come from early detection/ surgery or just prevention (stop smoking).
There is some hope though. When people first started studying cancers at the molecular level, one of the first things they noticed was how often a gene called Ras was mutated in different cancers. It turns out that designing a drug for Ras was really hard, but it finally got done, it's called daraxonrasib. They just released phase III human trials with this drug in pancreatic cancer a week or two ago and it destroyed the standard of care (Chemotherapy), but that is saying people who were dying in 1-2 months were still alive after 5-6 months.
The former senator Ben Sasse was diagnosed with metastatic pancreatic cancer last December. Historically, that's like 5% survival rate for 5 years. He is on daraxonrasib. We will see how it works out.
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